Category: Tutorials

Troubleshooting Joomla Errors on DirectAdmin
Joomla is an easy-to-use content management system. This software is based on the Internet. By implementing this system on your host you will be able to store files, text, and display images in an organized way. Here, we will analyze various issues and problems of Joomla and try to give a solution for each of them, so study the article on troubleshooting Joomla errors on DirectAdmin carefully if you encounter any of these problems.

What is Joomla?

Joomla is an old site builder based on PHP, which is very popular, and the main reason for its popularity is its easy installation with a few clicks. That means you can program your website without any technical knowledge. Also, website designers and internet users prefer Joomla for website design. Because it is a free content management system and has a beautiful GUI that is easy to develop.

Troubleshoot Joomla Errors on DirectAdmin

As you decided to install Joomla to build your site and work, you may encounter different problems and errors. Here, we will introduce and analyze some of them.

ERR_Content_Decoding_Failor

When you want to enable the cache plugin in Joomla 3.x, you may encounter the error ERR_CONTENT_DECODING_FAILED and stop rendering the page. The cause of this problem is that the cache plugin doesn’t properly support Gzip compression. Even if you enable it by the server.

Solution: You can disable Jzip-compression:

Go to System -> Configuration -> Server and GZIP-Compression to No

Tip: If you are unable to access the website’s backend anymore, you can find this setting in the /configuration.php file. The option can be set like this:
```
public $gzip = '0';
```
Could Not Create Directory Error

Three reasons may cause these problems:

1- There is no tmp directory or it is not located correctly in the configuration.php file.

2- The tmp directory is located but Joomla is not allowed to write to it.

3- Joomla is not allowed to write to one of the following:

directories: /administrator/components, /administrator/modules, /administrator/templates, /components, /modules, /plugins, /templates.

The last one is very common and usually happens when there is a problem with Joomla’s hosting environment.

Solution 1: You can create the tempt directory if it doesn’t excite and give Joomla the proper permissions to write to it, there is a quick and dirty solution that is effective but will render your website completely insecure. Chmod the following directories to 777 through the FTP client:
```
/administrator
/administrator/components
/administrator/modules
/administrator/templates
/components
/logs (not necessary to solve this problem but if Joomla has write permissions across the board then doing this will ensure that you don’t have a problem elsewhere on your website)
/modules
/plugins
/templates
/tmp
```
This is a temporary solution.

Solution 2: There is another solution but it is the best one and requires that you have FTP access to the website. Using the following commands, Apache can create files or folders in the server’s file system. Follow the instructions below:

– Use the Cpanel file manager to zip the Joomla website and name the resulting website joomlawebsitebackup.zip. The resulting file should be pressed into the main folder of the website.

– You should add 1_ to top-level folders and files in Joomla. That is, to remain the folder administrator to 1_ administrator and index.php to 1_index.php.

– you should create an unzip.php file with the following codes:
```
open('joomlawebsitebackup.zip'); if ($isZipOpen === true ) { $objZip->extractTo('/home/[yourcpanelusername]/public_html/'); $objZip->close(); echo "unzipping finished"; }other { echo "unzip failed"; } ?>
```
Go to yourjoomlawebsite.com/unzip.php. and run unzip.php on your browser. Then you will see the message contain telling you the PHP script has been unzipped.

Now test your website. When you became sure about the proper functionality, delete all folders and files that start with _1. once you are done, do another test, to make sure everything is correct.

Allowed Memory Size Exhausted

Joomla is a type of CMS that provides a high percentage of memory and sometimes a lot of memory is needed to process a page especially if the page has a lot of third-party extensions. So when a client tries to run an extension, encounters an error about “Allowed Memory size”

Solution:

You should increase the PHP memory limit. You can increase the memory limitation in 4 different ways:

1- Increase the PHP memory limit at several levels: It can be done if your website is running on just a dedicated server or VPS. To do this, visit our website for cheap dedicated server plans.

2- Increase the PHP memory limit at the application level: It can be done by making a copy of the global php.ini

3- Increase the PHP memory limit at the .htaccess level: add the below line for this reason to the beginning of .htaccess file:
```
php_value memory_limit 512M
```
4- Increase the PHP memory limit at the code level: Add the following line to the beginning of your index.php:
```
ini_set('memory_limit', '512M');
```
Site User Rename Error

This error will occur when you want to rename the username of the Joomla site and change the change_username.sh. So as a result, you will discover that Joomla hardcoded paths, especially username and as I turned back to the old username, Joomla says that it failed to connect to the database.

Solution: This problem can be dependent on the number of characters in the username. While this number is 16 character capacity for db usernames. This amount is 14 for DA in addition, 1 for underscore, and 1 for db name. Also, DA analyzes for valid usernames and also there is a setting for that in directadmin.conf.

For example:
```
max_username_length=10
```
So, if your username number is 13, as your limitation is 10, DA is going to consider it invalid and will not display it until you enhance the limitation in directadmin.conf. Keep your username below the limitation. change_username.sh script will not go through any of your PHP files. So, you have to set config paths manually.

Moving Cpanel to DirectAdmin Error (Error 403)

When you try to move your site from Cpanel to DirectAdmin, it is successful. But, when you try to access any page suddenly you receive a 403 error.

Solution: The reason is that, upon extraction of the Gzipped backup which you move from Cpanel permissions of public_html changed to 750. But these permissions should be 755.

Conclusion

Here, we tried to make you familiar with troubleshooting Joomla errors on DirectAdmin. We divided the issues and give solutions for these problems. So read this article carefully. We hope this was a helpful article for you.
June 28, 2023
Tutorial how to install Cowsay Linux Command
Cowsay is a program that can generate ASCII art pictures of a cow with a message. Also generate images using pre-made images of other animals, such as Tux the Penguin, the mascot of Linux. You can fully learn how to install Cowsay Linux Command after reading this article. Therefore, we suggest you to stay with us until the end.

Introduction to Cowsay

Cowsay is written in Perl. It also includes programs called Cow Thinking where cows have thought bubbles instead of speech bubbles. There are .cow files for Cowsay, which are able to generate different types of “cows”, with different types of “eyes”, etc. Used in IRC, desktop screenshots, and software documentation, this is more or less a term in hacker culture. If you want to prevent interpolation, you should reduplicate any backslashes.. Also, at-signs (”@”) must be backslashed because that is what Perl 5 expects.

Cowsay Features

Cowsay has the ability to show a customizable massage through a Cow image. It comes with various options to help to customize the Cow image and speech bubble and let the user use different types of speech bubbles like a Cow head, a speech bubble with a border, or a Think bubble. It provides quick information and debug information.

Installing Cowsay Linux Command

Before starting the installation process, we suggest that if you have not yet purchased a VPS server or if you are dissatisfied with its quality, purchase and use the Linux VPS server plans provided on our website.

You can install cowsay using the following command:
```
sudo dnf install cowsay
```
After running the command, call it with cowsay and then your message:
```
fortune | cowsay
```
Cowsay has been shipped with a few changes to the name cow files, which are usually found in /usr/share/cowsay. Use the -l flag after cowsay to see the cow file options available on the system. Also use the -f flag:
```
cowsay -f dragon "Run for cover, I feel a sneeze coming on."
```
As you installed Cowsay, when you run a playbook you will get your output from a series of cows. For example, run the playbook using the following command:
```
- hosts:
    - localhost
  tasks:
    - action: ping
```
After executing the command of the playbook, the following items will be displayed to you:
```
ansible-playbook playbook.yml
```
Cowsay is accessible under the GPLv3 license and you can find the Perl source code on GitHub. There are also versions floating in other languages, see the rest of the sections for other variants. There is one in R, for example. Implementing a version in your language of choice might even be a fun thing to learn programming.

Conclusion

We have explained the steps required for installation in order. When working with Linux, playing with Cowsay is an option. This tool also allows you to create different exploratory art and define which message and state of mind they should convey. In this article, you learned how to install Cowsay Linux Command. We hope you find this article useful. You can Share your comments with us via the form below.

FAQ

Are there any additional packages for Cowsay?
No, it doesn’t have any additional dependencies.
June 27, 2023
How to Install WordPress on Dedicated Server (2 Methods)

WordPress is a common and well-known content management system provided as an open-source and accessible tool. You can install WordPress on a dedicated server in different ways. Here, we will mention two practical ways to install this CMS. One of these methods is via FTP and the other is an installer provided by a web hosting service.

2 Methods to Install WordPress on Dedicated Server

Now follow the steps below to have a successful installation process for WordPress. We should say that installing WordPress on dedicated servers has some advantages like great speed and performance, the safety of the website and the least concern about hackers and malware, the ability to customize your website, more control over your hardware and software, and so on. We recommend that you use the cheap dedicated server plans that are available on our website to install WordPress and enjoy its speed and quality.

1. Instant Install WordPress with Softculous

One of the excellent and simple ways to install WordPress on your website is by making a few clicks through the Softaculous app installer. WordPress is an applicable and popular content management system and more than one million websites are powered by it. let’s see how we can install WordPress using this beautiful software.

Install WordPress through Softaculous. Most companies will offer Cpanel when you sign up:

1. click on Blogs on the left side of your menu and press WordPress:

2. Click on the Install button to start the process of installing WordPress:

3. Now you should do some configuration to complete the installation process:

Here, you will have three options for software setup

Protocol: You should choose the appropriate WordPress protocol. These protocols can be HTTP or HTTPS. Note that if you choose HTTPS, you should have an SSL certificate.

Domain: Here, you can open the dropdown menu and choose any root domain or subdomain that you created.

Directory: You can select the directory, in which you wish to install WordPress. But if you desire to install the program on the root website, leave this one empty.

Three options for Site setting

Site Name: create a name for your website.

Site Description: give a short description of your website.

Enable Multisite: As you mark this field, it will install a WordPress network installation

Three options for Admin Account

Username: Insert the administrator username.

Password: Insert the administrator password here.

Email: Put the email address on which you prefer to receive the necessary notifications.

As the final touch, select your language for the installation and install some extra plugins, and also do the advanced settings. This part is optional.

Last, select your desired Theme and click on the Install button:

2. Install WordPress Via FTP

This method is not necessary, cause most hosting companies will already install WordPress for your server or you can use automatic installers on your Cpanel. But if you want to install manually follow the instructions here:

You should use an FTP application like FileZilla or SmartFtp before starting installation. Now go to the official page of WordPress and download the last version:

Unzip the WordPress archive and place it in your public directory which is called public_html:

Find the “MySQL Databases” button on your Cpanel:

When it is needed insert your database name and as you have finished select the “Create Database” option:

As you created the database, it’s time to establish a “User” from the MySQL account.

After entering the username and password, click on the “Create user” button:

Once you have entered the required details and the name of the database, you can allow the user to access:

Be sure to check all the permissions you want to grant on the page below:

Now you need to go to your site domain and finish the installation, so that, your FTP transfer is finished. When you visit your domain, then you will need to select your language after a successful transfer:

Here, select your language and press Continue:

Now, insert your database information like Name, Username, Password, Database Host, and table prefix, and once you are finished, click Submit:

You should select “run the install” from the menu. Then you have to insert admin information like Site Title, Username, Password, and Email:

In the end, click Install WordPress” and finish your task. the only thing you have to do is to enter your username and password.

Well done! WordPress is manually installed on your server.

Conclusion

In this tutorial, we thought about how to install WordPress on a dedicated server. Now you can use this popular CMS and enjoy controlling your system as you wish. Hope this guide was useful for you. If you have any questions, leave a comment.

FAQ

Can I host WordPress on my server?
Yes, by hosting WordPress, you can tweak caching rules and optimize your site on the server. You can have your dedicated CPU and memory.

Is it recommended to install WordPress on a Windows-based dedicated server?
WordPress is suitable for Linux-based dedicated servers but it is technically possible to install it on a Windows server.

June 26, 2023
What is VMware?

VMware is a virtualization software vendor based in Palo Alto, California, founded in 1998 and now a subsidiary of Dell Technologies. Also, bases its virtualization technologies on the ESX/ESXi metal hypervisor in the x86 architecture. In this comprehensive article, we will explain to you what is VMware.

A Brief Explanation of VMware

VMware products now include virtualization, network and security management tools, data center software, and storage software, and VMware vSphere is a server virtualization platform for implementing and managing large-scale VM infrastructures. Desktop products include VMware Workstation, VMware Fusion, and VMware Player.

VMware’s server software line includes VMware ESX Server, VMware ESXi Server, and VMware Server. Since 2004, VMware has been working as a partner of SUSE Alliance, and supporters the Linux system in VMware software, and supports Linux on VMware software, on-premises, or in the cloud. Also, apart from providing a reliable data center virtualization solution, SUSE, and VMware have partnered to provide cloud solutions for both private and public clouds. SUSE Linux Enterprise Server is currently certified and supported on the latest version of vSphere.

You can visit the Windows VPS server plans offered on our website and then run VMware on it.

Introduction of VMware products

Currently, VMware products include virtualization, network and security management tools, data center software, and storage software.

Cloud infrastructure and Data Center

VMware vSphere is VMware’s suite of virtualization products, known as VMware Infrastructure before 2009, and includes:

– ESXi

– vCenter Server

– vSphere Client

– vMotion

vSphere is available in three versions: Standard, Enterprise Plus, and Platinum. In addition, there are two three-server kits for small and medium businesses called vSphere Essentials and Essentials Plus. Also with VMware Cloud on AWS, customers can run a cluster of vSphere hosts with vSAN and NSX in an Amazon data center and manage their workloads with VMware’s famous tools and skills.

Introduction to Network and Security Tools

In the rest of the article, we will introduce VMware tools.

VMware NSX

It provides virtual networking and security software and was created when VMware acquired Nicera in 2012. NSX allows the administrator to virtualize network components. It also enables them to develop, extend, and configure virtual networks and switches through software rather than hardware.

In this network, a software layer is placed on top of the hypervisor to allow the administrator to divide a physical network into several virtual networks. With the latest version of this product, the NSX-T data center, network virtualization can be added to both ESXi and KVM as hypervisors and bare-metal servers, and containerized workloads can be virtualized and protected in a Kubernetes cluster.

The NSX-T data center now offers network performance virtualization, which enables functions such as firewalls, load balancers, and VPNs to be implemented within the virtualization software stack.

VMware vRealize Network Insight

VMware vRealize Network Insight is a network operations management tool that enables admins to schedule micro-partitioning and monitor the health of VMware NSX. VRealize Network Insight also relies on technology from VMware’s 2016 acquisition of Arkin. VRealize Network Insight collects information from NSX Manager and displays errors in its user interface to help troubleshoot an NSX environment.

Understanding the SDDC platform

VMware Cloud Foundation

It is an integrated software stack that brings together vSphere, VMware vSAN, and VMware NSX into a single platform through SDDC Manager, and an administrator can deploy the software package on-premise as a private cloud or as a service in a public cloud. Run, the administrator can also instantly provision an application for network or storage.

Storage and availability Training

VMware vSAN

It is now a software-based storage feature built into the ESXi hypervisor and integrated with vSphere that aggregates disk space from multiple ESXi hosts and allocates it through intelligent policies, such as protection limits, thin provisioning, and clean-up coding. It also combined with vSphere High Availability to increase compute and storage availability.

VMware Site Recovery Manager (SRM)

A disaster recovery management product that allows administrators to create recovery plans that run automatically in the event of a disaster and allows administrators to automatically configure failover and failback of virtual machines, as well as SRM with NSX Integrated to protect network and security policies on migrated VMs.

VMware vCloud NFV

Network functions virtualization platform that allows a service provider to run network functions as virtualized applications from different vendors. It also offers the benefits of virtualization and the cloud for a communications service provider that previously relied on hardware.

Getting to Know the Cloud Management Platform

vRealize Suite

There is now a group of software that allows users to create and manage hybrid clouds, and the vRealize suite includes vRealize Operations for monitoring, vRealize Log Insight for centralized logging, vRealize Automation for data center automation, and vRealize Business for Cloud for management. It is a cost.

VMware Tanzu

VMware Tanzu allows customers to build containerized applications, run enterprise Kubernetes, and manage Kubernetes for developers and IT. Also, with the help of the software package, an administrator can deploy and manage VMs on multiple hypervisors or cloud platforms from a single management console.

Introduction of Virtual Desktop Infrastructure

VMware Horizon

Here, VMware Horizon allows organizations to run Windows desktops in the data center or in the VMware Cloud on AWS, eliminating the need to place and manage entire desktops in the workplace, as well as management and security for the environment. Centralizes the user and integrates with VMware App Volume and Dynamic Environment Manager products for application delivery and Windows desktop management.

Organizational Mobility and digital workspace Management Departments

Workspace ONE

The Workspace ONE suite includes VMware AirWatch, Horizon Air, and Identity Manager, which allow administrators to manage mobile devices and cloud-hosted virtual desktops and applications from a single management platform. Cloud or on-premise control.

Identity Manager

It enables SSO access to any application from any device based on established policies and is an identity-as-a-service product that provides single sign-on (SSO) capabilities for web, cloud, and mobile applications.

VMware AirWatch

VMware AirWatch is also an enterprise mobility management (EMM) software platform, where administrators are empowered to deploy and manage mobile devices, applications, and data.

Personal Desktop

VMware Workstation

It is the first product offered by a software company that allows users to create and run on a Windows or Linux desktop or laptop, and VMs run concurrently with the physical machine. In fact, each virtual machine runs its own operating system such as Windows or Linux, and this allows users to simultaneously run Windows on a Linux machine with the native operating system installed, or vice versa.

VMware Fusion

Currently, VMware Fusion is software like VMware Workstation that virtualizes Windows or Linux operating systems on Mac computers.

Advantages and necessity of using VMware Products

– Better provision of applications and resources and simple data center management

– Increasing efficiency along with the agility of data center systems

– Security based on a zero-trust model and more secure than container systems like Kubernetes

Disadvantages of VMware Products

– Suitability of Hyper-V and Xen Hypervisor alternatives and high licensing costs

– Lack of support and the existence of various bugs when used alongside Oracle products and hardware compatibility issues

Introducing Alternative Virtual Machines

Other VMware vSphere hypervisors

– Linux KVM

– Microsoft Hyper-V

– Red Hat Virtualization

– Proxmox VE

– Virtuozzo

– Citrix XenServer

– Oracle VM server

VMware Workstation alternatives for Personal Desktop use

– VirtualBox

– QEMU

– bhyve

– Parallels

Introducing the top 27 tools for VMware Administrators

As-Built Report

As Built Report is an open-source configuration documentation framework that generates and builds documents in XML, Text, HTML, and MS Word formats using Windows PowerShell and PScribo. It is also used to easily run and generate reports against the IT environment, allowing contributors to easily create new reports for any vendor and IT technology with RESTful API and/or Windows PowerShell support.

Cross vCenter Workload Migration Utility

It is now a tool to easily move virtual machines between vCenter Servers through the Cross-vCenter vMotion feature using a GUI. Also automatically fills this inventory for ease of management and enables batch migration of multiple virtual machines in parallel. It then implements a REST API to automate migration tasks.

ESXTOP

A powerful command-line tool is included with vSphere to help administrators identify and fix performance issues in real-time, and then provide information about the resource management of the vSphere environment with details on disk, CPU, network, and memory usage. Displays real-time.

Vmware Git

Git is an open-source version control system created by Linux developer Mr. Linus Torvalds in 2005. In fact, this system has thousands of contributors, a large community base for support, and is also compatible with several IDEs and operating systems, including VMware.

HCI Bench

Here, HCI Bench aims to accelerate customer POC performance testing through a controlled and consistent method by fully automating the end-to-end process of setting up test virtual machines, setting workloads, collecting test results, and collecting valuable data for troubleshooting. Also, the Hyperconverged Infrastructure Benchmark, defined as HCI Bench, is an automated wrapper for the open-source VDbench benchmark tool that simplifies automated testing on HCI clusters.

Hyper

A cross-platform, customizable, open-source terminal program built on modern web standards and aiming to be the simplest and most powerful of its kind.

IOInsight

It is a virtual appliance that comes with VMware. Allows users to understand the storage I/O behavior of their virtual machine. It also has a web-based user interface through which users can select a VMDK to monitor and display the results to make better choices about tuning performance and storage capacity.

Linux VSM

There is now an improved port of Linux Software Manager for VMware, which allows users to log into My VMware and access download information, then view the subsets of downloads that VSM allows. Also, Linux VSM is designed to be smarter than the version of VSM for macOS and Linux, for example, instead of breaking operations, it also ignores missing files.

vRealize Log Insight

A virtual tool that administrators can use to view, manage, and analyze Syslog data, and then gain the ability to troubleshoot vSphere and perform compliance and security checks.

mRemoteNG

Remote Connection Manager is a multi-protocol and tabbed resource created as a fork of mRemote with new features and bug fixes. In fact, the software supports Virtual Network Computing (VNC), SSH, rlogin, HTTP[S], Citrix Independent Computing Architecture (ICA), and Remote Desktop/Terminal Server (RDP).

pgAdmin

It is one of the most popular feature-rich tools for managing PostgreSQL and its derivative databases. One of its most important features is its availability of Windows, macOS, and Linux extensive online documentation. It also has a powerful search tool for syntax highlighting, multiple deployment models, and support for most PostgreSQL server-side encryptions, among other features of pgAdmin.

Pocli

It is a Python-based tool that provides a lightweight command-line client for ownCloud for basic file operations such as uploading, downloading, and directory management. Pocli was also motivated by the lack of a tool to quickly upload or download files on computers without The GUI working.

Postman

In fact, Postman is free for individuals and small teams but also offers monthly subscriptions with advanced features for teams of up to 50 users and enterprise solutions. Currently, the HTTP client is very suitable for testing web services and was created to simplify the process of developing, testing, and documenting APIs by allowing users to create simple and complex HTTP requests quickly.

PowerCLI

Here this command-line tool is built on Windows PowerShell to provide more than 600 cmdlets to manage not only vSphere and VMware but also vCloud, vSAN, VMware Site Recovery Manager, NSX-T, VMware HCX, and more. It is also a powerful program for automating and managing VMware vSphere settings and is able to work with any VMware product.

RVTools

With over a million downloads, RVTools excels at displaying information about your virtual environment’s CD drive, snapshots, ESX hosts, VM cores, data stores, health checks, license information, resources, and more. Use it to update. It is actually a .NET application that uses the VI SDK to display critical data about your virtual environments and is compatible with several technologies including VirtualCenter Appliance, ESX Server 4i, ESX Server 4.x, ESX Server 3i, VirtualCenter 2.5 It interacts. You can also update your VMTools to the latest version. It is free to download and use after subscribing to the Veeam mailing list, which provides subscribers with excellent VMware product offerings.

vCenter Converter

It is one of the tools to convert local and remote physical machines to virtual machines without any downtime and also has a centralized console to manage multiple simultaneous conversions both locally and remotely.

vCheck

vCheck is actually an HTML framework script designed to work with PowerShell to schedule automated tasks to send you the information in a readable format via email. If there is enough space, you will not get any information about the storage disk space. It is now a smart script and sends you vital information. It also removes unnecessary details.

vDocumentation

vDocumentation, maintained by Ariel and Edgar Sanchez, provides a set of PowerCLI scripts created by the PowerShell community to give users with infrastructure documentation of vSphere environments in CSV or Excel formats.

VMware API Explorer

This platform helps you browse, search, and inspect APIs on every major VMware platform except vRealize, NSX, vCloud Suite, and vSphere. Also use the explorer for easy access to SDKs and code samples, among other resources, specific to selected APIs.

VMware Capacity Planner

The tool allows managers to analyze, predict and plan the required capacity of their virtual desktop environment or data centers.

VMware Health Analyzer

This tool helps evaluate VMware environments based on standard practices. It is also used by VMware partners and solution providers. Currently available only to customers with access to Partner Central and VMware employees.

VMware OS Optimization Tool

Its top features include customizable templates across multiple systems that you can use to optimize VMware OS, manage templates, optimize history and rollback, and perform remote and local analytics. Currently, this is a VMware operating system optimization tool that allows administrators to optimize Windows 7 to 10 systems for use with VMware Horizon View.

VMware Project Onyx

Project Onyx monitors the network communication between vSphere Client and vCenter Server and translates it into executable PowerShell code that can be turned into a reusable script or function. It’s also a tool for generating code based on mouse clicks made in the vSphere client and aims to make it easy to visualize what’s going on under the hood to speed up script development.

VMware Skyline

It has automated support technology that aims to improve the overall reliability of VMware environments and increase team productivity by helping customers avoid potential problems.

VMware vRealize Orchestrator

The tool has an extensive library of plugins on the VMware Solution Exchange for third-party solutions and extends its features. Currently one of the most potent VMware management tools, it allows users to create workflows that automate multiple daily tasks using a drag-and-drop graphical interface.

WinSSHterm

A production-ready SSH client tool for Windows combines WinSCP, PuTTY/KiTTY, and VcXsrv into one tabbed solution. It also features the use of a master password, template variables, eye-friendly terminal colors, and keyboard shortcuts.

Runecast

This tool empowers users to perform proactive troubleshooting, analyze specific patterns in reports, and implement VMware SDDC best practices without sacrificing speed and simplicity. In fact, Runecast is the real-time security and compliance analyzer for BSI security audits.

Conclusion

VMware is known as a cloud operating system or a virtual data center platform. It also enables IT departments to place application workloads on the most cost-effective computing resources available. It offers applications for desktops as well as servers and VMware desktop software with Linux, Microsoft Windows, and Mac. OS X is compatible. In this educational article, you learned What is VMware? Also got acquainted with many of its tools. We hope this educational article was useful for you. Share your comments with us through the form below.

FAQ

Can we use WMvare for free?
Yes, you can use the free version for non-commercial, personal, and home usage.

June 25, 2023
Troubleshooting SSL Certificate Errors on Nginx

In online businesses, maintaining customer security and brand reputation is very important, So these businesses need a valid SSL certificate. Today, thanks to the Open Certificate Authority (CA) Let’s Encrypt, you can get this certificate for free. If there is a problem with the certificate or its configuration, you may encounter SSL errors. As a result, Keep studying this article because here we will Troubleshoot SSL certificate Errors on Nginx.

What is an SSL Certificate?

If you want to ensure the security of your online transactions and sensitive information, you should use SSL (Secure Socket Layer). Nowadays, there are alternatives to SSL, but this certificate is the most well-known type.

SSL is a digital certificate that verifies the identity of the website and encrypts the connection. Website communications can be in different types, like server to server, browser to server, or another network. The SSL algorithm is complicated and is used to encrypt sensitive and confidential data.

Troubleshoot SSL Certificate Errors

Here, we will introduce some most common SSL Certificate issues and provide effective solutions for them. We suggest that you visit the Windows VPS server plans offered on our website.

Invalid or Expired SSL Certificate Error

This error occurs when the SSL certificate on the server has reached its expiration date. This means that this certificate is no longer valid.

Solution: To solve this problem, you should get and install a new SSL/TLS certificate for your Nginx server. So first, identify the certificate authority (CA) that provides the original certificate. It can be Let’s Encrypt. Then, contact the provider and ask for a new certificate. After that, you should create a certificate signing request for the new one. Present the CSI to the certificate provider or CA as part of the issuance process. Then, update the configuration and restart the Nginx to apply changes.

Incomplete or Missing Certificate Files

When you encounter this error, it means that there is an issue with the SSL/TLS certificate file that is configured for your website. This error will prevent Nginx from properly establishing secure connections:

Solution: To fix this problem, you should modify or add an active intermediate certificate, and you should be careful about certificate chain order. The order of certificates should be SSL certificate, Intermediate Certificate, and Root Certificate.

Forbidden Error (403 Forbidden) While Running Cert Renew

The method that is used to authenticate users by Automatic Certificate Installers such as Let’s Encrypt or Certbot uses hidden folders (/path/to/docroot/.well-known). The downside is that if the protection of these folders is enabled, such validation measures will fail.

Solution: If you encounter the forbidden error (403 Forbidden) in the certificate renewal report file, you should look for such limitations and delete them until a new certificate has been installed.

Nginx Crashes After Certificate Renewal

Most of the critical problems are often related to crashed Nginx servers after a failed upgrade. Automatic installers can change configuration entries, but if the installer dies for different reasons, it will corrupt the Nginx configuration file, too.

Solution: In this case, you should restore the Nginx configuration file from the backup to bring up the site online as quickly as possible. But if the backup is not accessible, you can reset the SSL configuration section to bring the site online, which most automated tools target. So when your site is back online, you should make the changes manually to bring the new certificate online.

Conclusion

As you are trying to achieve an SSL certificate for your Nginx server, and as it is a crucial action for your system’s security, we concentrated on this topic. We tried to introduce some of the common issues with SSL certificates on the Nginx server. So, keep tracking and study this article carefully to troubleshoot SSL Certificate Errors on Nginx. If you encounter any other issues, please share them with us in a comment.

June 23, 2023
How to Manage JSON Data with PostgreSQL
Want to know the way to manage JSON data with PostgreSQL? Read this article to have a full understanding of this issue. I believe that most people don’t use it correctly, and it causes problems and unhappiness in the long run. So, first of all, we will explain PostgreSQL and JSON data briefly and then go on with the rest of this article.

Brief Explanation of PostgreSQL JSON Data Type

We have another data type in PostgreSQL, which is called JSON data and stands for Javascript Object Notation. JSON data is a user-friendly data format for users who are willing to transfer data in a network at high-speed. JSON replaces XML in various fields rapidly. Also, nowadays, developers enhance their software capability by pairing their application’s JSON data with PostgreSQL to reach a query processing environment.

In other words, the main purpose and role of JSON is transporting data between a server and a web application. JSON has a human-readable format. Since, version 9.2, PostgreSQL supports native JSON data and provides a lot of functions and operators to control JSON data.

Manage JSON Data With PostgreSQL

Now that you have a clear understanding of this issue, let’s go further and learn the way to manage JSON data step by step with PostgreSQL. We suggest that you visit the Linux VPS server plans provided on our website before starting the process of Managing JSON Data with PostgreSQL.

How to Create a New Table to Practice JSON Data Type

– In the first step, let’s create a new table to practice JSON data type:
```
CREATE TABLE orders (
id serial NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
info json NOT NULL
);
```
As you see above, our orders table includes 2 columns:

1- The id column is the primary key column that identifies the order.

2- The info column saves the data in the form of JSON data type.

How to Insert JSON Data after Creating a Table

– The next step is to insert JSON data after creating a table.

Now that you have created a PostgreSQL table, to insert data, you have to make sure that data is in a valid format. So, apply the following Insert statement and then put a new row into your order table, as we do here:
```
INSERT INTO orders (info)
VALUES('{ "customer": "Terri Person", "items": {"product": "coffee","qty": 6}}');
```
The above command represents that our customer, Terri Person bought 6 cups of coffee. Now, use the below command to insert multiple rows at the same time in your table:
```
INSERT INTO orders (info)
VALUES('{ "customer": "Linda Evanty", "items": {"product": "Toy Car","qty": 24}}'),
('{ "customer": "Will Path", "items": {"product": "Teddy bear","qty": 1}}'),
('{ "customer": "Jannson Miller", "items": {"product": "Doll","qty": 2}}');
```
Querying JSON Data

– The last step is to query JSON data. Finally, if you want to query the JSON data, you should use the select statement and present your data in a manner similar to other native data types. So, use the below command:
```
SELECT info FROM orders;
```
Now, you will see that PostgreSQL converts a result set in the form of JSON.

Key Operators of PostgreSQL to Get the JSON Data

PostgreSQL JSON provides several operators to manipulate your data in a useful way. Some of the operators that are useful for inserting JSON data in PostgreSQL are as follows:

-> operator: This operator helps to return the JSON object field by key.

->> operator: This operator helps to return the JSON object field by text.

e.g: In the following query, the -> operator is used to get all customers in the form of JSON:
```
SELECT info -> 'customer' AS customer
FROM orders;
```
e.g For this query, the ->> operator is used to get all customers in the form of text:
```
SELECT info ->> 'customer' AS customer
FROM orders;
```
At this point, you can chain operator -> with operator ->> to retrieve a specific node.

e.g, the following statement returns all products sold:
```
SELECT info -> 'items' ->> 'product' as product
FROM orders
ORDER BY product;
```
As the last part, use the JSON operator in the Where clause:

To filter the returning rows, you can use JSON operators in the WHERE clause.

For example, to figure out who bought the Toy Car, you should use the following query:
```
SELECT info ->> 'customer' AS customer
FROM orders
WHERE info -> 'items' ->> 'product' = 'Toy Car';
```
If you want to know who bought 2 products at the same time, you should use the query below:
```
SELECT info ->> 'customer' AS customer,
info -> 'items' ->> 'product' AS product
FROM orders
WHERE CAST ( info -> 'items' ->> 'qty' AS INTEGER) = 2
```
Conclusion

Well, Done! In this article, we tried to show how you can manage JSON data with PostgreSQL, and you learned how to use operators to process JSON data efficiently. Now, you can easily use this data and manage it.
June 22, 2023
How to Protect Against Brute Force Attacks on Dedicated Server

A Brute Force attack is one of the hacker’s methods to find passwords. Usually, this work is done by special software. In this attack, the hackers do not take any steps to decrypt the password. Rather, using software, it tries to guess the password and check all possible situations to find the correct password. After reading this comprehensive article, you will learn how to Protect Against Brute Force Attacks on Dedicated Server.

What is a Brute Force attack?

Brute Force attack is a trial-and-error method to decode important and sensitive data. The most common applications of brute force attacks include cracking passwords and encryption keys.

This type of attack requires two factors, a lot of time and high processing power, which have reduced the efficiency of hackers to some extent. The decoding process is a complex computational operation. To do it, a high-power of a computer software system is needing. Since computers with better hardware and thus higher processing speed have been launched, finally these operations and attacks have become faster and more effective.

How does Brute Force work?

You might imagine that the brute force attack creates a lot of load on the CPU. But it is not bad to know that the most effective hardware for brute force attacks is the graphics card (GPU).

In this type of attack, all possible modes of the password are checked as a combination of characters, including different permutations of numbers, lowercase and uppercase letters, and special characters. This check usually starts with one character, and after checking all cases of one character, check all cases of two characters, three characters, etc., and this process will continue until the relevant password is discovered. Theoretically, this method will eventually reach the answer, for example, if the corresponding 6-digit password is 123456, it can be easily guessed by this method in a relatively short time.

But imagine that the corresponding password is very long and complicated; In this case, this process will take a long time. According to the complexity of the password and algorithms used, it may take a few hours, a few days, a few months, or even several years.

Protection against Brute Force attacks on a Dedicated Server

In the rest of this article, we will explain 6 ways to prevent brute force attacks on a dedicated server. To get started, you can buy a cheap dedicated server from NeuronVM and run the steps mentioned in this post on it.

1. Microsoft Windows Firewall

Microsoft Windows Firewall is a powerful security tool that can help protect your dedicated server from malware. Activating a firewall, prevents unauthorized access to the server and the installation of spyware and protects data from theft.

2. CSF Firewall

Config Server Firewall, also known as CSF, is a firewall configuration script that is installing on servers to maintain security. CSF provides an advanced user interface for complete firewall management in cPanel, DirectAdmin, Webmin, etc. Also, among the features of CSF, we can mention preventing public access to services and allowing connection only through FTP and LFD systems. If you want to increase the security of your server, you need to enable CSF.

3. Use Strong Passwords

One of the basic steps to prevent brute force attacks is choosing a strong password. A strong password is one that is difficult for others to guess and that you can easily remember. One thing you should pay attention to is that your password should be long. A strong password should have at least 20 characters. If your password is 8 characters or less, it will crack in 58 seconds.

A strong password should contain symbols, numbers, lowercase, and uppercase letters. Including symbols and numbers makes your password more difficult to guess because you create more possible combinations using these symbols.

4. Strengthen Your Login Process

Another effective way to deal with brute force attacks is to strengthen the login processes. For this purpose, you can use two-step authentication. Another way is to ask users for a confirmation code when they log in. Another way to protect the login page is to restrict the login page to certain IPs. It means that only the IPs you specify can access this page.

5. Monitor User Activity

User activity should always be monitored to identify suspicious behavior. If the system administrator notices an increase in the number of logins or login attempts from unknown users, he can take action to protect his system.

6. Use Captcha

Normally, a login form contains two fields: username and password. By adding a captcha box with a specific phrase written inside it, the user must enter it in the lower box, which is called the security phrase. You can also use the security question instead of the security phrase, which the user must answer in the box below.

Until the phrase or security question is answering, even if the username or password is correct, it is not possible to log in, which is an important security barrier against brute force attacks. Considering that Brute Force attacks are carried out by robots and software, therefore, by creating a captcha code, the robot or software does not have the necessary intelligence to respond to the captcha code; Because human questions are raised.

Conclusion

In this article, you learned How to Protect Against Brute Force Attacks on Dedicated Server. What distinguishes Brute Force attacks from other cracking methods is that it does not use any intellectual strategy, but try to combine different characters to achieve the correct combination. Just like a thief trying different combinations of numbers to open a safe.

June 21, 2023
What is KVM?

KVM stands for Kernel-based Virtual Machine, an open-source Linux virtualization technology that allows the Linux kernel to be used as a hypervisor. Introduced in 2006 and was then integrated into the original version of the Linux kernel. Also, it is part of the Linux code and uses every Linux feature, maintenance, and development without engineering. In this article, we are going to teach you What is KVM?

What is Virtualization?

Virtualization refers to a simulated computing resource that mimics the corresponding real resource and makes many resources, from software to specialized hardware devices, to complete hardware platforms. It also covers virtual machines, which include devices such as CPU, memory, network card, disk, graphics adapter, and operating system. The software in question that creates and runs virtual machines is called a hypervisor.

Necessities and Benefits of Virtualization

Years ago, in data centers, development, and practice organizations, all machines ran a version of the same operating system, such as Windows, FreeBSD, and Linux. But today, different operating systems such as Linux and Windows and even different versions of an operating system are placed in a computer environment without virtual machines; several physical machines are deployed and maintained to run programs on multiple operating platforms. Virtualization also allows multiple virtual machines, each potentially running a different operating system, to run on a single physical machine.

In the rest of this article, we are going to introduce the KVM to you.

Introduction to KVM

KVM is classified as a type 2 hypervisor, which means it runs on a host operating system. It is also based on the kernel, more precisely, the Linux kernel. It only supports Linux as its host operating system. If you need a type 2 open-source multi-platform hypervisor, VirtualBox is the right choice. VirtualBox also runs natively on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, and Solaris.

We recommend that you visit the cheap dedicated server that is offered on our website, and after choosing the plan you want, install KVM on it.

It competes in an industry with open-source alternatives such as Xen VirtualBox and proprietary products such as VMware vSphere, Citrix XenServer, and Microsoft Hyper-V. In the past, hypervisor solutions at the time, such as Xen and VirtualBox, were all software-based, and the x86 architecture could not support virtualization. It wasn’t until 2005 that the introduction of the Intel VT and AMD-V extension instruction sets permanently changed the virtualization landscape.

You can currently install KVM on any 32-bit or 64-bit x86 computer, the “host machine” in Hypervisory parlance, that supports the Intel VT or AMD-V plug-in. Today, modern hypervisors typically support hybrid virtualization, which is hardware-assisted and software-assisted for older chipsets.

KVM Features

KVM supports the virtualization of the following guest operating systems:

1- Linux distributions including Debian, Ubuntu, Centos, Fedora, RedHat Enterprise Linux

2- BSD like OpenBSD, FreeBSD, and NetBSD

3- Solaris

4- Windows

It currently runs unmodified guest OS images. This feature is also known as full virtualization, in contrast to para-virtualization, where the guest operating system is modified to specifically handle operations that are much more difficult to execute on the virtual machine than on the host machine.

How does KVM Work?

KVM has 2 technology components: kernel and user space. The kernel component consists of 2 loadable kernel modules: kvm.ko and kvm-intel.ko or kvm-amd.ko

kvm.ko module: provides kernel architecture-independent virtualization processing.

kvm-intel.ko and kvm-amd.ko modules: correspond to modules for Intel and AMD processors. Also, these modules were integrated into the Linux kernel version 2.6.20.

KVM uses QEMU, which runs in user space, to create virtual machines that interact with the guest operating system. Each virtual machine is simply a normal Linux process, and you can use Linux commands like top and kill to monitor and manage virtual machines.

Virtual Machine Manager appears in the Applications -> System Tools menu. First, create a new connection to the local QEMU instance from the File -> Add Connection menu. Localhost (QEMU) or QEMU/KVM should appear in the virtual machine list. You can now create a virtual machine by pressing the top left button and the new virtual machine toolbar button.

Conclusion

After more than several years of development and operation, KVM has become the standard machine-level virtualization tool in many Linux distributions. In this educational article, you learned What is KVM? We hope this educational article was useful for you. Share your comments with us through the form below.

June 20, 2023
How to Buy NL RDP Server with Bitcoin

The way RDP Protocol works is that it connects a computer to a remote computer and the client computer can view the remote computer screen. The purpose of this post is to teach How to Buy NL RDP Server with Bitcoin.

What is an RDP Server?

Remote Desktop is the ability of computers to connect to each other remotely and also control their desktop. In Remote Desktop, the user controls that system, except that this connection is established through the network platform. It should be noted that Remote Desktop or RDP is a protocol owned by Microsoft and is available for most versions of Windows and other Operating Systems, including Linux, macOS, iOS, Unix, and Android.

The port for this protocol is 3389 by default and you can change it to another desired port by making settings in the Windows registry. The Remote Desktop feature should enable the destination operating system to connect to a remote destination computer or server. The username that is authenticating on the destination system should be used. To use the Remote Desktop protocol, the user should use RDP client software or Remote Desktop Connection, while the host computer should run the RDP Server service software.

Introducing Bitcoin

Bitcoin is an electronic currency that allows you to send money anywhere in the world or use it to buy goods and services. Bitcoin is a digital currency based on blockchain. Blockchain is a platform for recording digital transactions. Blockchain actually does the job of the Central Bank differently, and the platform is officially cryptocurrency-based. Compared to other online payment gateways, Bitcoin charges a lower fee for moving customers. It is interesting to know that Bitcoin is managed in a decentralized manner, and it isn’t controlled by any entity or organization.

Get NL RDP Server with Bitcoin

In the first step, you should go to our website and select Admin RDP on the main page or directly go to the Admin RDP page:

Now go down to this page, choose your favorite Admin RDP plan to purchase, and click on the Purchase Now button:

Next, you should choose the Netherlands (NL) from the Location section and also choose your desired Operating System, and then click Continue:

Check the details and Click on Checkout.

Tip: If there are any Promo Codes, insert them in the box for discount.

Here, you should fill in your personal information and sign in to the NeuronVM website, or if you have an account, click on the Already Registered button:

In this step, as the last option on this page, select the All Cryptocurrency option. Also, you can add extra information about your purchase in the Additional Note box and click on Complete Order:

Finally, you will be redirected to the payment page. Choose Bitcoin as your preferred currency and click on Complete Checkout:

At last, you should open the relevant code in your wallet and complete the payment process:

Conclusion

In this article, the Remote Desktop protocol and Bitcoin digital currency were introduced. In the continuation of the article, how to register on NeuronVM and how to buy NL RDP Server with Bitcoin were taught. I hope you can easily buy the Netherlands RDP Server from our site with the help of this article.

FAQ

What is an NL RDP server?
It refers to the Netherland server, which is physically located in the Netherlands and provides remote desktop access to users.

Can we use any payment methods to buy Admin RDP?
Yes, you can use most of the cryptocurrencies and perfect money to make the payment.

June 17, 2023